Isikhathi sokufunda esilinganiselwe: 6 iminithi
Uhlu Lokuphakathi
Iyini i-hyperthyroidism emakati?
i-hyperthyroidismyisifo se-endocrine esivamile kumakati aneminyaka ephakathi kanye namadala. Lesi simo ngokuvamile ukwanda kwezindlala zegilo ve basebenze ngokweqile Izimo eziningi zibangelwa i-benign tumor. i-hormone yegilo eningi (T4) ihlobene nokukhiqiza.
Uma ingelashwa, i-hyperthyroidism ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu ezithinta inhliziyo, izinso nezinye izitho. Ngakho-ke, amakati abonisa lezi zimpawu ezingenhla kufanele ahlolwe udokotela wezilwane. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kungathuthukisa kakhulu izinga lempilo yekati lakho.
Yiziphi izimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism emakati?
I-Hyperthyroidism isheshisa i-metabolism emakati, okuholela ezinhlobonhlobo zezimpawu zomtholampilo. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa:
1. Ukwehla Kwesisindo/Ukuncipha Kwemisipha: Ukuncipha kwesisindo naphezu kokukhula kwesifiso sokudla kungenye yezimpawu ezivame kakhulu zesifo.
2. Ukwandisa Isifiso Sokudla: Ikati lakho lingase liqale ukudla ukudla okuningi kunokuvamile.
3. Izinguquko Zokuziphatha: I-overexcitability noma ukungahlaliseki. Ukwenyuka kwephimbo (i-meowing noma ukububula) emini noma ebusuku.
4. Ukoma Okungeziwe Nokuchama: Ikati lakho lingase liphuze kaningi futhi lichame kakhulu.
5. Izinkinga Zokugaya: Ukuhlanza kanye/noma isifo sohudo kungenzeka.
I-hyperthyroidism emakati iyithinta kanjani inhliziyo?
Emakati i-hyperthyroidismingaba nemiphumela engathi sína enhliziyweni ngenxa yokukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwehomoni yegilo, esheshisa imetabolism. Le miphumela ngokuvamile i-thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy ihlotshaniswa nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi.
Imiphumela Enhliziyweni
1. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo (Tachycardia): Amahomoni e-thyroid akhuphula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo. I-tachycardia engapheli ingabangela ukukhathala kwenhliziyo futhi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuwohloka kokusebenza kwenhliziyo.
2. Isigqi Senhliziyo Esingavamile (Arrhythmia): I-Hyperthyroidism ingaphazamisa umsebenzi ojwayelekile kagesi we-ventricles kanye ne-atria, okubangela i-arrhythmias. Lokhu kungaholela ekushayeni kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma imisindo efana nokugabavula.
3. Imisindo Yenhliziyo Engajwayelekile:
• Ukububula: Kuzwakala ngenxa yesiphithiphithi esidalwa yigazi elidlula enhliziyweni.
• I-Gallop Rhythm: Ibonakala “ngomsindo wesithathu” ozwakalayo ngaphezu kokushaya kwenhliziyo okuvamile futhi ingase ibonise ukungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo.
4. Ukuqina Kwemisipha Yenhliziyo (Hypertrophy): Ukwanda kwesidingo se-metabolic kanye ne-tachycardia kungabangela imisipha yenhliziyo ukuba ishube. Inhliziyo ifinyela kancane, futhi ama-ventricles awakwazi ukugcwalisa igazi elanele, okunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwenhliziyo.
5. Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme (Hypertension): Amahomoni e-thyroid andisa umfutho we-arterial, okwandisa umsebenzi wenhliziyo. I-hypertension yesikhathi eside ingaholela ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo nokulimala kwezitho.
6. Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo Eminyene: Ukunqwabelana koketshezi emaphashini noma eduze nawo (i-pulmonary edema noma i-pleural effusion) kungenzeka ngenxa yokwehluleka kwemisipha yenhliziyo ukusebenza kahle. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezinjengokuphefumula kanzima, ukukhwehlela, nokukhathala.
Itholakala kanjani i-hyperthyroidism emakatini?
Ukuxilongwa kwe-hyperthyroidism kuhilela inhlanganisela yokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, futhi, uma kunesidingo, izifundo ze-imaging ezithuthukisiwe.
1. Okutholakele Ekuhloleni Umzimba: Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwekati lakho ngokomzimba, udokotela wakho wezilwane angase ahlole izimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism, kuhlanganise:
• Izindlala ze-thyroid ezikhulisiwe: Izindlala zegilo zingakhuliswa ngokuzwakalayo.
• Isimo Somzimba Esibuthakathaka: Ukuncipha kwesisindo kanye nobuthakathaka bemisipha.
• Imisindo Yenhliziyo Engajwayelekile: Imisindo enjengokububula, i-tachycardia, noma isigqi se-gallop ingase izwakale.
• Ukuwohloka Kwekhwalithi Yokunamathela: Ubuthuntu noma ukungalingani kwezimpaphe.
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha: Ukwehla kwethoni yemisipha jikelele kungase kuqashelwe.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukwanda kwezinga le-hormone yegilo (Ingqikithi ye-T4) iqinisekisa ukutholakala kwe-hyperthyroidism. Ileveli ye-T4 evamileKwamanye amakati e-hyperthyroid, i-T4 ingase ibonakale ivamile ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo noma ngenxa yokuthi esinye isifo esitholakala ngesikhathi esisodwa sicindezela amazinga e-T4. Uma izinga le-T4 livamile kodwa izimpawu zomtholampilo ziphakamisa ukuthi i-hyperthyroidism, uphenyo olwengeziwe lungenziwa:
• I-T4 yamahhala (fT4): Ukuhlola okubucayi kakhulu futhi kungathola ukuphakama kwezinga eliphansi. I-T4 yamahhala ingxenye esebenzayo yengqikithi ye-T4 engaboshelwe kumaprotheni. Ukuhlolwa kwe-T4 kwamahhala kusetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa i-hyperthyroidism emakatini anamazinga e-T4 avamile noma asemnceleni. Nokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ezinye izimo zingase futhi zinyuse amazinga e-fT4.
Iyini i-Total T4 (TT4)? Ingqikithi ye-T4 imele inani eliphelele lamahomoni egilo azungeza egazini, kokubili kufomu eliboshwe ngamaprotheni kanye namahhala. Emakatini ane-hyperthyroidism, amazinga e-T4 avamise ukuba ngaphezu kohlu lwereferensi, asekela ukuxilongwa.
Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa kwe-Total T4 (TT4) kuvame ukuba yisinqumo sokuqala sokuhlonza i-hyperthyroidism emakati. Nokho, uma umphumela we-TT4 ungahambisani nezimpawu zomtholampilo, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe nokuhlola kufanele kwenziwe.
3. Ukufanekisa Izindlala ZegiloI-Ultrasonography ne-scintigraphy isetshenziselwa ukuhlola ubukhulu nokusebenza kwezindlala zegilo.
Uphatha kanjani i-hyperthyroidism emakati?
Ukwelashwa kwe-hyperthyroidism emakati kwenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokusekelwe ebucayi besifo, izifo ezihlangene, kanye nezidingo zekati lakho ngalinye. Izinketho zokwelashwa ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa:
1. Ukwelashwa Kwezidakamizwa: Lokhu kwelashwa kulawula ukusebenza kwegilo ngokucindezela indlala yegilo ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwamahomoni. Imithi iphathwa ngomlomo ngamaphilisi noma ngendlela ewuketshezi. Kungenjalo, angasetshenziswa njengesithako/ijeli emuncwa esikhunjeni. Lokhu kulungele amakati anenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi.
• Qaphela: Umthamo womuthi kanye nobude besikhathi sokwelashwa kungahluka kuye ngesimo sekati lakho. Kubalulekile ukuthintana nodokotela wakho wezilwane ukuze uthole imininingwane nokukhetha imithi efanele.
2. Ukwelashwa kwe-iodine enemisebe (I-131): I-iodine enemisebe igxila esicutshini esisebenza ngokweqile endlaleni yegilo futhi iyiqede ngokukhetha. Ngokuvamile inikeza ikhambi elihlala njalo, elisusa isidingo sokuhlinzwa noma imithi yokuphila konke.
• Qaphela: Le ndlela yokwelapha isetshenziswa ezikhungweni ezikhethekile futhi idinga isikhathi esifushane sokuzihlukanisa ngemva kokwelashwa.
3. Uchungechunge Lokunqunyelwa Kadokotela Ukudla (Ukudla Okukhawulelwe Iodine Ephezulu): Iodine iyingxenye ebalulekile yamahomoni egilo. Lokhu kudla okukhethekile kunciphisa i-iodine yekati, kuvimbela indlala yegilo ekukhiqizeni amahomoni ngokweqile. Akudingi ukuhlinzwa noma imithi.
• Qaphela: Ukudla kufanele kube ukuphela komthombo wokudla kwekati. Okunye ukudla kunganciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokudla.
4. Ukwenza ngokwezifiso Uhlelo Lokwelapha: Ukukhetha ukwelashwa okufanele isiguli ngasinye, ubunzima be-hyperthyroidism, izifo ezihambisanayo (njengezinkinga zenhliziyo nezinso) kanye nezidingo zekati lakho. Umgomo wethu uwukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo yekati lakho nokuvimbela izinkinga ezingase zibe khona.
Ukwelashwa kwe-hyperthyroidism emakati kufanele kuhlelwe ngokucophelela futhi kusetshenziswe udokotela wakho wezilwane. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nemithi, indlela yokudla, noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, sicela uthintane nodokotela wakho wezilwane. Isimo sekati ngalinye kufanele sihlolwe ngalinye.
Ezinye Izihloko Ongase Uzithande
“Ubuchwepheshe buyithuluzi lomuntu lokubusa imvelo.”
UKarl Marx
