Nthawi yowerengera: 4 miniti
Zamkatimu
- Kodi myocardium ndi chiyani?
- Chifukwa chiyani myocardium ndi yofunika kwambiri?
- Kodi cardiomyopathies ndi chiyani?
- Kodi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya cardiomyopathies ndi iti?
- Kodi zizindikiro zazikulu za cardiomyopathies ndi ziti?
- Kodi zotsatira zachipatala za primary cardiomyopathies ndi ziti?
- Kodi primary cardiomyopathies imazindikiridwa bwanji?
- Kodi mphaka yemwe ali ndi matenda amtima woyamba ndi chiyani?
- Kodi ma primary cardiomyopathies angachiritsidwe?
BruceBlaus. Mukagwiritsa ntchito chithunzichi m'magwero akunja, chikhoza kutchulidwa kuti: antchito a Blausen.com (2014). “Chiwonetsero cha zamankhwala cha Blausen Medical 2014”. WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436., CC BY 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0, kudzera pa Wikimedia Commons
Kodi myocardium ndi chiyani?
Myocardium ndi gawo lapakati la mtima, lomwe limapangidwa ndi maselo amtima ndipo limayang'anira kukokana ndi kupopa magazi. Minofu iyi imapanga makoma a ventricle ya kumanzere (LV), yomwe ili ndi magazi ochuluka a okosijeni, ndi ventricle yoyenera (RV), yomwe ili ndi magazi osowa mpweya.
Chifukwa chiyani myocardium ndi yofunika kwambiri?
Myocardium, kudzera m'mikondo yake yogwirizana komanso yosadziwika, imathandiza mtima kugwira ntchito ngati "pompo," kupangitsa moyo kukhala wotheka. Mtsempha wamanzere ukagunda, magazi okhala ndi okosijeni amawaponyera mumsempha, womwe umagawira thupi lonse. Pamene ventricle yoyenera imagwira, magazi omwe alibe mpweya wa okosijeni amatumizidwa ku mitsempha ya m'mapapo, kumene amapita ku mapapo kuti apereke oxygenation.
Kodi cardiomyopathies ndi chiyani?
Cardiomyopathies ndi matenda a myocardial osagwirizana ndi matenda ena amtima. Amadziwika kuti ndi cardiomyopathies yoyamba, yomwe ndi yachibadwa, ya banja, kapena yosadziwika bwino, ndi yachiwiri ya cardiomyopathies, yomwe imabwera chifukwa cha chifukwa chachikulu kapena kusokonezeka kwadongosolo. Primary cardiomyopathies, makamaka, ndi matenda amtima omwe amapezeka kwambiri amphaka.
Kodi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya cardiomyopathies ndi iti?
Monga mwa anthu, mitundu isanu yoyambira yamtima yamtima idadziwika mwa amphaka. Yoyamba ndi yofala kwambiri, yomwe imakhala yoposa 50% ya milandu yonse. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) akubwera pamalo achiwiri zoletsa cardiomyopathy (RCM) pamene pakati pa zochepa arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARC), Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) ndi milandu yosakwanira mitundu inayi inayi unclassified cardiomyopathies zimachitika.
Kodi zizindikiro zazikulu za cardiomyopathies ndi ziti?
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)Amadziwika ndi kukhuthala (hypertrophy) ya myocardium yamanzere (LV) komanso kusadzaza kwa magazi kwa ventricle.
Kuletsa cardiomyopathy (RCM)Ndi chikhalidwe chomwe ma ventricles amaletsedwa kuti asadzaze ndi magazi chifukwa cha kuuma kwachilendo kwa myocardium, ndipo izi zimatchedwa "zoletsa."
Mosiyana ndi hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARC) Zimakhudza kwambiri ventricle yoyenera (RV) ndipo imadziwika ndi kusintha kwa maselo a myocardial (myocytes) ndi mafuta kapena fibrofatty minofu.
Pomaliza, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)Zilonda za myocardial zowonongeka zimapezeka kumanzere kwa ventricle (kapena ma ventricles onse) zomwe zimasokoneza mphamvu ya ejection. Kuphatikizika kosakwanira kumeneku kumabweretsa kukulitsa zipinda zamtima, zomwe zimatchedwa "kufalikira."
Kodi zotsatira zachipatala za primary cardiomyopathies ndi ziti?
Kusintha kwa mphamvu ya myocardial kapena kusokonezeka kwa kudzazidwa kwa ventricular (chifukwa cha kuuma kwachilendo kapena hypertrophy), zomwe zimabweretsa kutsika ndi kumtunda. Izi zingayambitse kusokonezeka kwa venous ndi kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi m'mapapu (pulmonary edema), kuchititsa kupuma movutikira, kapena, kawirikawiri, kuchulukana kwamadzimadzi m'mimba (ascites). Kuonjezera apo, kuchepa kwa magazi m'mitsempha ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwapamwamba kumachitika. Zizindikiro zachipatala za kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya mtima zimaphatikizapo kukomoka (syncope), kutopa, ndi kusalolera masewero olimbitsa thupi.
Zilonda zonse za myocardial zingayambitsenso mtima wa arrhythmia, zomwe zingayambitse syncope kapena imfa yadzidzidzi. Ziphuphu zomwe zimapangika mu mtima wa matenda nthawi zambiri zimayenda kudzera mumsempha ndi kulowa mtsempha wamagazi (mtsempha wamtsempha wakumbuyo), ndikutsekereza kutsika kwa magazi. Izi zingayambitse: arterial thromboembolism Ndi vuto lalikulu lotchedwa posterior paresis ndipo nthawi zambiri limakhala lopweteka, lopweteka, lopweteka kumbuyo kwa paresis. Nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa imfa.
Kodi primary cardiomyopathies imazindikiridwa bwanji?
Choyamba cardiomyopathiesAtha kuzindikiridwa ndikusiyanitsidwa mosavutikira pogwiritsa ntchito echocardiography (kuwunika kwa mtima kwa ultrasound) kuphatikiza ndi kujambula kwa Doppler. Njirayi imalola kuyeza makulidwe a khoma la myocardial ndikuwunika kukhazikika kwa myocardial ndikupumula. Zimathandizanso kudziwa amphaka omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha arterial thromboembolism.
Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezeka mu echocardiographic, kafukufuku wowonjezera, monga kuyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuyezetsa magazi, amachitidwa kuti achotse zomwe zingayambitse matenda a myocardial (secondary cardiomyopathies). Electrocardiography imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira kukhalapo kwa arrhythmias, pomwe ma radiographs a thoracic (chifuwa X-ray) ndikofunikira kuti azindikire kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi m'mapapo (pulmonary edema).
Kodi mphaka yemwe ali ndi matenda amtima woyamba ndi chiyani?
Njira ya matenda, zimasiyana kwambiri malingana ndi mtundu wa matenda a myocardial komanso kukula kwa zotupa za myocardial, kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa zizindikiro zachipatala, ndi mtundu wa mawonetseredwe awa.
Kodi ma primary cardiomyopathies angachiritsidwe?
Primary cardiomyopathy Magulu osiyanasiyana amankhwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza cardiomyopathy. Ma diuretics ndi othandiza pochiza komanso kupewa kusungidwa kwamadzimadzi powonjezera kupanga mkodzo. Mankhwala ena amadalira mtundu wa cardiomyopathy: mankhwala ena amathandizira kudzazidwa kwa ventricular ndi njira zosiyanasiyana, pamene ena amawonjezera mphamvu ya myocardial contraction. Kuonjezera apo, chiopsezo cha arterial thromboembolism Amphaka omwe ali ndi matendawa amapatsidwa mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwa mapulateleti.
Nkhani Zina Zomwe Mungakonde nazo
"Sayansi, koposa zonse, imayamba ndi chidwi."
Marie Curie
