Te mate noke i roto i nga ngeru me nga kuri

Te taima panui: 11 meneti

Alan R Walker, CC BY-SA 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, ma te Wikimedia Commons

He aha te mate noke ngākau?

Mate noke ngākau (e mōhiotia ana hoki ko Dirofilariasis), Wharewhare Dirofilaria Nā te pirinoa kutukutu porowhita (nematode) e kīia nei ko [ingoa o te pirinoa] tēnei i hua mai. I te nuinga o te wā ka kutukutu ngākau E mōhiotia ana ko te whānau Fadenematode, ā, nō reira ia.

Te Nohoanga me te Tohatoha

• Ahakoa tōna ingoa, ko te noke ngākau he mea noa iho i roto i ngā oko toto nui e tata ana ki ngā pukahukahu E ora ana ia.

• Nō reira, he āhua hē te ingoa "ngākau".

Mate

• He kurī, he torutoru noa iho rānei rau ngā kutukutu ngākau pakeke Ka taea te pangia e.

• Ko ēnei pirinoa, 15 ki te 35 henemita te roa E wātea ana.

He mate kino te noke ngākau, ā, he mate morearea pea ki te ora mēnā kāore e kitea, e rongoatia hoki i te wā tika. Nō reira, he mea nui rawa ngā tirotiro hauora me ngā mahi ārai i ia wā.

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Kei hea te mate noke ngākau e kitea ai?

Ko te mate pukupuku ngākau te mea tino kitea i Ūropi. I ngā whenua o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa He mea noa. Ina koa Ngā Moutere o Canary, Te Tonga o Parani, Spain ve Te Raorao o Po i Itari He nui ake te kitea i ngā rohe pēnei. Waihoki, i Pāniora... Valencia, Murcia ve Andalusia Kei te horapa hoki tēnei mate i ēnei rohe.

United StatesI [country name], kua horapa tere i roto i ngā tau rua tekau kua pahure ake nei, ā, kua huri hei mate urutā nui.

Ahakoa e mōhiotia whānuitia ana tēnei mate hei raruraru e pā ana ki ngā kurī, ngeru, ngā pōpī, ngā pokiha, ngā tarakona ve wuruhi Ka taea hoki e ia te pangia ētahi atu momo kararehe.

I Turkey Ka tūpono hoki te mate noke ngākau. Heoi, kāore anō kia oti katoa te mahere taipitopito me te kohikohi raraunga tatauranga mō tēnei mate i roto i tō tātou whenua. Nō reira, me nui ake ngā rangahau e pā ana ki tōna horapa me tōna horapa.

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He aha te ahunga haumanu o te mate kutukutu ngākau?

I roto i te mate kutukutu ngākau, i te nuinga o te wā i ngā wāhanga tōmua Kāore e kitea ngā tohu haumanu. Heoi, ina puta mai ngā tohu, ko ngā kitenga e whai ake nei ka kitea:

Ngā Tohu Matua

• Ngā Tohu o te Pūnaha Manawa: Te maremare, te manawa tere (te tachypne), te poto o te manawa (te poto o te manawa).

• Ngā Tohu Whānui: Te ngoikore, te hekenga o te taumaha, me te kore e maha o ngā wā e hemo ana.te ngoikore o te tinana), te kohikohinga wai i roto i te puku (noho), inā koa nā te ngoikore o te ngākau matau.

Te Haerenga o te Mate me te Mate Pūtaiao

• Ngā Noke Ngākau Ora: I roto i ngā uaua pūkahukahu te mate pūkahukahu (mumura i roto i ngā oko toto) me ngā pakitara o te uaua te whakanui ake i te uaua Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei.

• Ngā kutukutu ngākau mate: Ko ngā tohu haumanu kino ake o te mate ka puta mai i ngā kutukutu mate, e mate ana rānei. i roto i ngā uaua pūkahukahu ranei i roto i ngā uaua toto o ngā pūkahukahu o muri Ka kohia, ka aukati i te rere o te toto.

Ka puta he aukati i ngā oko toto (thrombosis) i tēnei āhuatanga. mumura me te whakakotahitanga pereti Ka whakaoho i ngā tukanga penei.

Te Whakangungu me te Mōrearea

• Mō ngā kurī hihiko, ka tere ake te rere o te toto i roto i ngā uaua pūkahukahu mā te whakanui ake i te korikori tinana. Ko tēnei āhuatanga:

• Te pakaru o ngā oko toto kua āraia,

• I hangaia i muri i te haehae te mate pukupuku neden obilir.

Hua: Te Totoke Pūkahukahu me te Korenga o te Manawa Matau

• Ka whakanui ake ngā aukati i te pēhanga i roto i ngā oko toto o ngā pukahukahu.takawhita pūkahukahu).

• I te haere whakamua o te toto toto tiketike mate ngakau matau Ka taea te whanake, ā, ka taea e tēnei āhuatanga te whakararu i te ora.

I te nuinga o te wā, kua tae te mate ki te wāhanga tawhito, ka kitea ngā tohu. Nō reira, he mea nui te tautuhi me te rongoā wawe hei whakahaere i te mate.

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He aha ngā tohu e whakaatuhia ana e ngā ngeru me ngā kurī me te mate kutukutu ngākau?

He rerekē ngā tohu o te mate kutukutu ngākau i runga i te kaha me te roa o te mate. I nga keehi ngawari Kāore pea ngā tohu e kitea, inā koa i roto i ngā kurī taitamariki, engari i ngā take matatau Tērā pea ka puta ngā tohu haumanu rerekē.

Ngā Tohu i Kitea i roto i ngā Kurī

1. Ngā Mate Pāwera Ngāwari, Ngā Mate Pāwera Wāhanga Moata rānei:

• Kāore he tohu: Ko ētahi kurī, inā koa ngā kararehe taitamariki, kāore e whakaatu i ngā tohu haumanu ahakoa kua pangia.

2. Ngā Mate Pāwera Matatau:

• Ngā Tohu Whānui: Te ngaronga o te hiahia kai, te hekenga o te taumaha, te ngenge ngāwari, inā koa i te wā e whakakori tinana ana.

• Ngā Tohu Manawa: Te maremare mau tonu, te poto o te manawa (te poto o te manawa) me te manawa tere (te tachypne) i roto i ngā mate kino.

• Ngā Tohu o te Korenga o te Manawa: Te kohi wai i roto i te puku (noho) ka hua ake te pupuhi o te puku, te hemo i te wā e whakakorikori tinana ana, i muri rānei i te whakakorikori tinana (te ngoikore o te tinana).

• Te Mate Tibia: I ngā mate kino, ka taea e ngā kutukutu ngākau te aukati i te rere o te toto mā te aukati i ngā takirere i waenganui i te ventricle matau me te vena cava.

• Tohu: ngoikore ohorere, ngenge, mimi parauri pouri, anemia (anemia) me te jaundice (icter).

Ngā Tohu i Kitea i roto i ngā Ngeru

Ko te mate kutukutu ngākau i roto i ngā ngeru he rerekē te whanaketanga, he nui ake te kino i tērā i roto i ngā kurī:

• Te Maremare me te Uauatanga ki te Manawa: He tohu noa ēnei i roto i ngā ngeru.

• Ruaki: He tohu haumanu nui tēnei mō ētahi ngeru.

• Mate ohorere: I roto i ngā ngeru, ka taea te mate ohorere me te kore e kitea te mate.

Hei whakarāpopototanga: Ngā tohu

• I roto i nga kuri:

• Manawa: Maremare (te tohu tino kitea), tachypnea, dyspnea,

• Whānui: Te ngenge, te hekenga o te taumaha, te ascites, he onge te matepukupuku,

• Tino nui: Ngā tohu o te tibia.

• I roto i nga ngeru:

• Manawa: Maremare, poto te manawa,

• Ētahi atu: Ruaki, mate ohorere.

He maha ngā wā ka haere tonu te mate kutukutu ngākau, kāore he tohu e puta. Nō reira, he mea nui ngā tirotiro kararehe me ngā mahi ārai mate mō te tautuhi wawe me te whakahaere i te mate.

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He aha te horapa me te huringa ora o ngā kutukutu ngākau?

Wharewhare DirofilariaHe pirinoa tēnei e hua ai te mate noke ngākau, ā, namu Ka horahia mā roto i ngā waeroa. He mea nui ngā waeroa i roto i te huringa ora o te pirinoa. whare noho waenga He rite tonu te mahi.

contamination

1. Te Tūranga o ngā Namu: Ka ngotehia e ngā waeroa te toto o ngā kararehe pangia. Ngā torongū L1 E rua ngā wā ka parauri ngā torongū i roto i te waeroa, ā, e roa ana mō te... Ngā torongū L3 i roto i ngā wiki 2-3 Ka huri hei tōna āhua o nāianei. Ka whakawhirinaki tēnei tukanga ki ngā āhuatanga o te taiao. Te pāmahana toharite 27 ° C me te taumata haumākū 80% Ka tere ake te tukanga ina tupu tēnei (10-14 ngā rā).

2. Te Tukunga o te Mate ki te Kaihautū: Ngā waeroa e ngote toto ana Ngā torongū L3 Ka whakawhiti ki tētahi atu kaihautū (pērā i te kurī, i te ngeru rānei).

Te Whanaketanga o te Toro

• Te Whanaketanga o L3:

Kei roto i te kiko raro i te kiri (kiko raro i te kiri) i roto i te tinana manaaki, ā, I roto i te 1-2 wiki, ka puta ki te āhua L4. Ka huri te āhua.

• L4, tata ki L5 (āhua i mua i te pakeketanga) i roto i ngā rā 30-60 Ka tupu i roto i ngā kiko, ā, ka tupu tonu.

• Te Haere ki te Toto: Ka whai hua te 100% o ngā torongū L5 i muri i te pangia. 100 ngā rā i muri mai mā te haere ki roto i te pūnaha toto ki ngā uaua pūkahukahu Ka tae mai ia, ka noho ki konei.

• Whakaputa uri: I raro i ngā āhuatanga e tika ana, ka taea e ngā wuruhi wahine te I roto i ngā marama 5-6 Ka eke rātou ki te pakeketanga ā-ira tangata. ngā microfilariae (L1) Ka puta he torongū, ā, ka rere haere ēnei torongū i roto i te toto me ētahi atu wai tinana o te tangata kua pangia.

Te Āhuatanga o te Mate

• Te mumura i roto i ngā uaua pūkahukahu: Ngā kutukutu pakeke i roto i ngā oko toto o te pukahukahu mumura (pneumonitis eosinophilic) ve ki te thromboembolism take.

• Te Ārai o ngā Toto: Ka puta te whaiti me te aukati i roto i ngā uaua pūkahukahu. Ko ngā uaua... Kua āraia te 2/3 o taua mea, te toto toto tiketike o te pūkahukahu arahi ki.

• Te Pānga o te Whakakorikori Tinana: Ka kino ake te kino o ngā uaua toto i te mahi ā-tinana mā te whakanui ake i te rere o te toto i roto i ngā uaua pūkahukahu.

Te Roanga o te Huringa Ora

• Ngā kutukutu ngākau huringa ora katoakia eke rātou ki te pakeketanga ā-ira tangata kia 5-6 marama te iti rawa Ka roa.

Ka taea e ngā mate kutukutu ngākau te arahi ki ngā raruraru manawa me te tohanga toto nui. Nō reira, he mea nui te maimoatanga ārai auau me te tirotiro kararehe hei ārai i te mate.

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He aha te whanaungatanga i waenga i te Wolbachia me te mate noke ngākau?

wolbachia

Wharewhare Dirofilaria, Ngā Riketia he huakita ā-roto-kore karamu, herenga-pūtau mai i te rōpū wolbachia Kei roto he huakita nō te puninga Wolbachia. He mea nui tēnei huakita mō te whanaketanga me te whakaputa uri o Dirofilaria. Ina mate ngā kutukutu ngākau, ka tukuna ngā huakita Wolbachia, ā, ka puta te mumura i roto i ngā whatukuhu me ngā pakitara o te uaua pūkahukahu mai i ngā pūmua mata o ēnei huakita. Ka pehia hoki e ēnei huakita te urupare ārai mate a te tinana ki a Dirofilaria.

I roto i ngā āhuatanga haumanu, he maha ngā wā kāore he tohu o ngā mate pāwera ngawari. Heoi, ina puta mai ngā tohu, he āhua manawa noa iho, ā, ka puta mai i te maremare, te tere o te manawa (tachypnea), me te poto o te manawa (dyspnea). Ko ētahi atu tohu pea ko te ngoikore, te ngaro o te taumaha, me te koretake o te hemonga (syncope) te kohikohi wai rānei i roto i te puku nā te ngoikore o te ngākau matau (ascites).

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He aha i mahia ai he whakamātautau antigen hei tautuhi i te mate noke ngākau?

Ka taea e ngā whakamātautau ārai mate noke ngākau o nāianei te kite i ngā mate huna i puta mai i te iti rawa i te kotahi kutukutu uwha pakeke, ā, tata ki te 100% te motuhaketanga. Ka puta ngā rerekētanga o te aro, inā koa i ngā take he iti te whakaekenga kutukutu me/ranei he iti ngā taumata o te ārai mate i roto i te toto. I ahu mai te ārai mate i te kōpū, i ngā hua rānei o ngā kutukutu uwha, nō reira he pai anake te whakamātautau mō te kite i ngā kutukutu ngākau uwha.

He tairongo ake te whakamātautau antigen i te kitenga microfilaria nā te mea ka whakawhāitihia te tairongo o te kitenga microfilaria e ngā mahi ārai ia marama. Ko ngā hua teka pai ka puta mai i ngā hapa hangarau. Ka puta pea ngā hua teka kino i roto i ēnei āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

• Ngā mate pāwera i ngā wāhanga kāore anō kia tino pakari,

• Te noho mai o tētahi tokomaha iti o ngā wuruhi uwha,

• Ngā kutukutu uwha kua kore he matū,

• Ngā mate urutā e puta mai ana i ngā kutukutu tāne anake.

Hei tāpiri atu, i ngā wā ka hanga matatini ngā antigens e rere ana ki ngā paturopi, ka hē pea te hua nā te kore e ranea te antigen kore utu.

He pai te whakamātautau antigen mō ngā take kua pāngia pea e ngā mate o mua, ngā tohu haumanu e tohu ana i te mate kutukutu ngākau, te whakaū tere rānei i te mate kutukutu ngākau. Ka mahi tēnei whakamātautau ahakoa kei te horapa ngā microfilariae, kāore rānei.

Ko te ngoikoretanga o te whakamātautau, ko te kore e kitea ngā pūmua e rere ana i roto i te toto mēnā kei roto ngā kutukutu uwha i te tinana i te āhua whakaputa uri. Nō reira, ka puta he hua pai i roto i te whakamātautau i muri i te 6-7 marama i te pangia.

Me mahi anō te whakamātautau antigen i muri i te maimoatanga hei patu i ngā kutukutu pakeke. Me puta he hua kino i muri i ngā marama e 6 i muri i te maimoatanga.

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He aha i whakamahia ai ngā whakamātautau microfilariae hei tātaritanga i te mate noke ngākau?

I roto i te toto ngā microfilariaeKa taea tēnei te kitea mā te whakamātautau toto mōkito. Ko te tikanga tino pai mō tēnei kaupapa ko: Whakamātautau Knott kua whakarerekētiad.

Me pēhea te whakahaere i tētahi whakamātautau Knott kua whakarerekētia?

1. Te ranunga o te toto me te formalin: Ka konatunatua te 1 ml o te toto ki te 9 ml o te otinga formalin 2% ki roto i tētahi ngongo whakamātautau.

2. Pūwero: Ka mirohia te ranunga i roto i te centrifuge.

3. Whakamātautau Makarohiko: Ka tirotirohia te hua i raro i te karuārai. Whakanuia 100x, 400x rānei Ka tirohia mā tēnei tikanga. Nā tēnei whakamātautau, Wharewhare Dirofilaria me ngā microfilariae kore-pathological Acanthocheilonema reconditum He mea rerekē ngā microfilariae tetahi i tetahi.

He tikanga whai hua te whakamātautau Knott kua whakarerekētia mō te tautuhi i ngā mate kutukutu ngākau, nā tōna tairongo me tōna kaha ki te wehewehe i waenga i ngā momo rerekē.

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He aha i whakamahia ai ngā hihi-X hei tātaritanga me te aroturuki i te mate kutukutu ngākau?

Ka āwhina ngā whakaahua hihi-X ki te aromatawai pai ake i te kaha me te matapae o te mate manawa me te mate pūkahukahu. Ko ngā tohu noa o te mate kutukutu manawa, inā koa i roto i ngā pūkahukahu o muri Koinei ngā peka o te uaua pūkahukahu kua whānui haere ka kitea. Ka kitea hoki ngā huringa tōmua o te mate i ēnei wāhi. Mēnā he mate kino, te whakanui i te ngākau matau ka puta pea.

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He aha te mahi a te ultrasound cardiac (echocardiography) i roto i te mate kutukutu ngākau?

Mā te whakamahi i te ultrasound ka taea e tātou te aromatawai i ngā pānga o te mate kutukutu ngākau ki te mahi me te hanganga o te ngākau. Ngā mate pāwera ngawari He uaua ki te kite i ēnei i te ultrasound nā te mea he maha ngā wā ka kitea ngā kutukutu i roto i ngā peka taha o ngā uaua pūkahukahu He iti tonu. Heoi anō, te mate urutā kaha ngā wuruhi i roto i ō rātou āhuatanga, i roto i ngā peka proximal o te uaua pūkahukahu ranei ngākau matau kitea. Te toto toto iti i roto i ngā kurī kei a rātou, huri noa i te takirere tricuspid Te kimi i ngā kutukutu ngākau, Te Mate Tibia Ka whakaū i te mate.

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He aha ngā whāinga o te maimoatanga mō te noke ngākau?

Ko ngā whāinga matua o te maimoatanga ko:

1. Te Whakapai Ake i te Āhua Hauora o te Tūroro: Hei whakaiti i ngā tohu o te mate me te whakapai ake i te kounga o te ora.

2. Te Whakakore i ngā Wāhanga Katoa o te Noke Ngākau: Te whakakore katoa i ngā torongū me ngā noke pakeke.

3. Te Whakaiti i ngā Pānga Taha e Pā Ana ki te Maimoatanga: Te ārai, te whakahaere rānei i ngā raruraru ka puta mai i te wā e rongoatia ana.

Ngā tohu haumanu motuhake Mō ngā kurī e whakaatu ana i ēnei tohu, me whakaū te āhua whānui o te tūroro i mua i te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga hei whakamate i ngā wuruhi pakeke (patu pakeke).

E rua ngā āhuatanga e pāngia ai te kaha o te mate kutukutu ngākau:

• Te maha o ngā wuruhi: E pā ana te kaha o te mate ki te maha o ngā kutukutu i roto i te tinana.

• Taumata Mahi a te Kurī: Ka taea e ngā taumata ngohe teitei te whakararu i te haere o te mate.

Nō reira, me whakarite te mahere maimoatanga kia rite ki te āhua o te tūroro. Heoi anō, ko te tauira whānui o te maimoatanga... E ai ki ngā aratohu i tukuna e te American Heartworm Association. Me whakarite pēnei.

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Me pēhea tātou e taea ai te whakamana kua whakangaromia ngā kutukutu pakeke i te wā e rongoatia ana te mate kutukutu ngākau?

Ko te whakamātautau i te mate pukupuku ngākau te tikanga tino pono hei whakaū i te whai huatanga o te maimoatanga hei whakakore i ngā kutukutu pakeke (maimoatanga patu pakeke). Mā tēnei whakamātautau ka puta te hua katoa o te maimoatanga. 6 marama i muri mai me whakatinana.

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Āhea te wā e hiahiatia ai te pokanga hei rongoā mō te mate kutukutu ngākau?

Te Mate Caval (Ngāue-Hemoglobinuria)

Ka puta te mate pūhā Tricuspid i roto i ētahi kurī kua pangia kinotia ina āraia katoatia, āpitihia rānei e ngā kutukutu pakeke te rere o te toto huri noa i te takirere tricuspid. E pā ana te mate ki te ngenge nui, te poto o te manawa, te mā o ngā kiriuhi mucous, te ngoikore, te pupū o te ate, ā, he maha ngā wā ka haere tahi me te hemoglobinemia me te hemoglobinuria. Tērā pea ka kitea he haruru nui o te ngākau me te pā o te uaua jugular nui nā te pūhā tricuspid. Ka mahia te tātaritanga mā te whakamahi i te ultrasound, e whakaatu ana i ngā kutukutu huri noa i te takirere tricuspid me/ranei i roto i te vena cava o muri. I roto i ēnei take, me tango pokanga ngā kutukutu ngākau, hei tauira, mā te whakamahi i te kuku Ishihara. Mā te uaua jugular, ā, ka tangohia ngā kutukutu ngākau i raro i te fluoroscopy. I muri i te pokanga, e taunakihia ana te maimoatanga pakeke hei whakakore i ngā kutukutu e toe ana.

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Ētahi atu Tuhinga ka hiahia pea koe

• Te Whare Whakanoho mo te mate noke
• Te mate noke i roto i nga kuri
• Nga Aratohu mo nga mate ngakau
• Te Kai mo nga Kuri Pakeke Ora
• Myocarditis me te Bacterial Endocarditis

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"Kāore e kitea te wikitoria mā te whai i te ara tino māmā."

Winston Churchill

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