Kiyasta lokacin karantawa: 4 minti daya
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Menene sautunan zuciya da ake ji yayin auscultation?
Akwai muhimmin bambanci tsakanin sautin zuciya da gunaguni na zuciya. Sautin zuciyasauti ne na ilimin lissafi waɗanda galibi ana ɗaukar su na al'ada, amma zuciya tana gunaguni, sautin da ba a saba ji ba ne saboda tashin jini kuma yana iya zama alamar cuta.
A cikin ƙananan dabbobi (cats, karnuka) yawanci kawai 2 sautin zuciya (S1 da S2) ana jin su. Duk da haka, a cikin dawakai, ban da waɗannan sauti. Sautunan zuciya na 3 da 4 (S3 da S4) Hakanan ana iya ji. A cikin kuliyoyi da karnuka, ana jin sautuna na 3 da na 4 yanayin pathological ya nuna.
Menene ma'anoni da tsarin samuwar sautin zuciya?
1. Sautin Zuciya ta Farko (S1)
• Ƙirƙirar Tsarin Mulki: Rufe mitral da tricuspid valves (AV valves) Ya ƙunshi.
• Wurin Sauti: Rufe bawuloli na hagu da dama na atrioventricular (AV) suna samar da wannan sautin.
• Muhimmancin JikiSautin S1 yana nuna farkon lokacin systole na zuciya. Wannan sautin, wanda aka sani da sautin "lub", yawanci yana da tsayi.
Muhimmancin asibitiCanje-canje a cikin sautin S1 na iya nuna matsala tare da bawuloli na AV (mitral da tricuspid). Idan wannan sautin ya fi na al'ada ƙarfi, idan mai rauni, zubar jini na pericardial, kiba ko pneumothorax sun zo a hankali. Idan sautin yafi karfi Idan haka ne, zazzaɓi mai ƙarfi (zazzabi, anemia, da sauransu) na iya zama sanadin.
2. Sautin Zuciya ta Biyu (S2)
• Ƙirƙirar Tsarin Mulki: Rufe bawul ɗin aortic da na huhu (valfuyoyin semilunar) Ya ƙunshi.
• Wurin Sauti: Yana faruwa ne lokacin da bawul ɗin ke rufe yayin da jini daga ventricles na hagu da na dama ke wucewa zuwa cikin aorta da pulmonary artery.
• Muhimmancin JikiSautin S2 yana nuna wurin da lokacin lokacin systole na zuciya ya ƙare kuma lokacin shakatawa (diastole) ya fara. Ana kiran wannan sauti da sautin "dub".
Muhimmancin asibitiCanje-canje a cikin sautin S2 na iya nuna matsala tare da bawul ɗin aortic da na huhu. Misali, a yanayin hawan jini na huhu. An raba sautin S2 Wannan rarrabuwar yana da alaƙa da bawul ɗin aortic da na huhu waɗanda ba sa rufe lokaci guda. Huhun stenosis ko hauhawar jini na huhu A wasu lokuta, ana iya jin wannan tsagawar sauti a fili.
3. Sautin Zuciya ta Uku (S3)
• Ƙirƙirar Tsarin Mulki: Jijjiga bangon ventricular Wannan jijjiga yana faruwa a lokacin da sauri cike da ventricle.
• Wurin Sauti: Yawancin lokaci ana jin shi a cikin ventricle na hagu.
• Muhimmancin JikiAna samar da sautin S3 ta hanyar girgiza bangon ventricular yayin cike da sauri. Gabaɗaya ba a jin shi a cikin ƙananan dabbobi masu lafiya.
Muhimmancin asibiti: S3 sauti, yawanci tare da cardiomyopathies Wannan sauti yana faruwa ne saboda taurin bangon ventricle da rashin iyawar ventricle don faɗaɗawa sosai. Musamman, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) Wannan sauti yana ƙara fitowa fili a lokuta na S3. ciwon zuciya Yana iya zama alamar farko. Saboda haka, lokacin da aka lura da sautin S3. echocardiography Ya kamata a duba kauri da aikin bangon ventricular.
4. Sautin Zuciya ta Hudu (S4)
• Ƙirƙirar Tsarin Mulki: Tilas a fitar da jini a cikin ventricle a lokacin da ake ciki Wannan sauti yana nuna matsala tare da tsarin shakatawa na ventricle.
• Wurin Sauti: Yawancin lokaci ana jin shi a cikin ventricle na hagu.
• Muhimmancin JikiAna samar da sautin S4 ta hanyar tura jini zuwa cikin ventricle yayin ƙaddamarwar bugun jini. A al'ada, ba a jin wannan sautin, amma yana iya faruwa idan akwai matsala tare da shakatawa na ventricular (misali, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, HCM) wannan sautin ya zama bayyananne.
Muhimmancin asibiti: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)Ciwon zuciya ne na kowa, musamman a cikin kuliyoyi. A cikin wannan cuta, ana iya jin sautin S4 saboda kauri na tsokar ventricular. S4 sauti kuma a cikin tsofaffin kuliyoyi ana iya ji saboda sassaucin huhu na iya raguwa da shekaru. Sautin S4 alama ce ta farko na wahala a cikin cikawa. A wannan yanayin, echocardiography ya kamata a yi da kuma auna kauri na ventricular.
Ta yaya ake yin kimantawar asibiti na sautin zuciya?
S1 (Sautin Zuciya ta Farko)
• MakanikaiRufe mitral da tricuspid valves
• Muhimmancin asibiti: Wannan shine farkon lokacin nakudawar zuciya (systole). Canje-canje na iya nuna cutar mitral da tricuspid valve.
S2 (Sautin Zuciya ta Biyu)
• Makanikai: Rufe bawuloli na aortic da na huhu
• Muhimmancin asibiti: Shi ne farkon lokacin shakatawa (diastole) na zuciya. Ragewar S2 na iya nuna hauhawar jini na huhu.
S3 (Sautin Zuciya ta Uku)
• Makanikai: bugun zuciya (cike da sauri)
• Muhimmancin asibiti: An ji a cikin yanayi inda dilatation na ventricular ya kasance, kamar dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) da gazawar zuciya.
S4 (Sautin Zuciya ta Hudu)
• Makanikai: Ƙunƙarar bugun jini
• Muhimmancin asibiti: Haɗe tare da hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) da kuma rashin hutu na ventricular a cikin tsofaffin kuliyoyi.
Wasu Labarun Kuna iya Sha'awarsu
"Shakka shine farkon ilimi."
René Descartes
