Kiyasta lokacin karantawa: 8 minti daya
Table of Contents
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Mene ne gallop rhythm, inda kuke jin ƙarin sautin zuciya?
Gallop rhythm, ban da sautin zuciya na farko (S1) da na biyu (S2). sautin zuciya na uku (S3) ko na hudu (S4). A wannan yanayin, ban da kari na "lub-dub" na al'ada, ana jin sautunan zuciya tare da ƙarin sauti kamar "lub-dub-ta" ko "ta-lub-dub." Wannan yawanci wani pathological gano kuma yana nuna rashin daidaituwa a cikin cikawar ventricular.
Sautin zuciya yakamata a ji gabaɗaya a tazara na yau da kullun kuma a lokaci guda. A cikin lafiyayyan dabba, ana jin sautin S1 da S2 a sarari kuma a ko'ina. Ƙarfin sautin zuciya yana ƙaruwa tare da kowace bugun. dole ne ya zama iri ɗayaKoyaya, a wasu lokuta, canje-canje a cikin ƙarfin sauti na iya faruwa.
Dalilan Raunan Sautin Zuciya
Idan zuciya tayi sauti idan an ji rauni (rauni), yawanci ana danganta wannan da dalilai masu zuwa:
• kibaƘara yawan mai a yankin ƙirji yana da wuya a ji sautunan zuciya.
• Taruwar ruwa a cikin kogon kirji (Pericardial effusion ko Pleural effusion): Tarin ruwa a cikin pericardium ko ramin kirji yana hana watsa sauti zuwa waje.
• Intrathoracic talakawaKasancewar ciwace-ciwace ko taro a cikin ramin kirji na iya rage karfin sautin zuciya.
Dalilan Canje-canje a cikin Ƙarfin Sautin Zuciya
Idan ƙarfin sautin zuciya yana ƙaruwa da kowace bugun idan ya canza, wannan yanayin yawanci a arrhythmia A cikin arrhythmias, saboda bugun zuciya ba bisa ka'ida ba ne, ƙarfin sauti na iya bambanta daga bugun ɗaya zuwa na gaba. Misali:
• Atrial fibrillation (AF)Saboda rashin daidaituwa da hanzari na huhu, sauti na iya zama mai ƙarfi a cikin bugun zuciya ɗaya kuma mai laushi a gaba.
• Matsalolin ventricular na farko (PVCs)Lokacin da bugun da ba a kai ba ya fito daga ventricle ban da natsewar al'ada, sautin da aka ji yayin bugun da bai kai ba yakan yi suma.
Sakamakon haka, gallop rhythm, Gabaɗaya cardiomyopathy ve ciwon zuciya Manuniya ce ta cututtuka irin su sautin zuciya. Canje-canje a cikin ƙarfin sautin zuciya yawanci arrhythmia alama ce. Raunan sautin zuciya shine kiba, zubar jini na pericardial, kumburin ciki ko tare da intrathoracic talakawa A irin waɗannan lokuta, bisa ga binciken auscultation, echocardiography ve EKG Gwaje-gwajen bincike na ci gaba kamar su larura.
Menene abubuwan da ke haifar da gunaguni na systolic?
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Ana jin gunagunin zuciya na systole a lokacin systole na zuciya. sautunan da ba na al'ada baWadannan gunaguni yawanci tsakanin sautin zuciya na farko (S1) da na biyu (S2). fitowa da ya ƙare da sautin zuciya na biyu (S2)Ana jin waɗannan gunaguni ne saboda rikice-rikicen jini kuma ana iya danganta su da dalilai daban-daban dangane da tushen wannan tashin hankali.
Manyan Dalilan Jin Murmuwar Zuciyar Systolic
1. Rashin wadatar Valve (Mitral da Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency)
• MakanikaiBawul ɗin mitral da tricuspid suna rufe yayin ƙanƙantar ventricular, suna hana jini daga komawa cikin atria. Duk da haka, idan waɗannan bawuloli sun kasa rufewa gaba ɗaya, jini yana gudana daga ventricles zuwa atria (regurgitation). Wannan rugujewar koma baya, systolic gunaguni ana jin kamar.
• Wurin Da Ake Jin Murna:
• Rashin isasshen mitral: Ana jin shi a gefen hagu, a cikin yankin koli na zuciya (ƙarshen ɓangaren zuciya).
• Tricuspid rashin isa: Ji ƙarara a gefen dama kusa da sternum.
• Muhimmancin asibiti:
• Rashin wadatar mitral bawul (misali, myxomatous mitral bawul cuta) yana daya daga cikin cututtukan zuciya da aka fi samu a cikin karnuka.
• Tricuspid regurgitation yawanci ana hade da dama zuciya gazawar da kuma jugular vein distension ve ascites (tarin ruwa a cikin rami na ciki) Yana iya bayyana kansa tare da alamu kamar.
2. Stenosis (Narrowing) na Aortic da Pulmonary Valves
• MakanikaiAortic valves da na huhu suna buɗewa a lokacin ƙaddamarwar ventricular, yana barin jini ya wuce daga ventricles zuwa aorta da pulmonary artery. Idan wadannan bawuloli stenosis Idan akwai, hanyar daga ventricle zuwa arteries ya zama da wahala kuma jinin yana gudana cikin tashin hankali. Wannan tashin hankali systolic gunaguni ana jin kamar.
• Wurin Da Ake Jin Murna:
• A cikin aortic stenosis: A hagu, yankin basal (bangaren sama na zuciya) ake ji.
• Huhun stenosis: Ji a gefen hagu, a cikin yankin basal na zuciya, amma kusa da sternum.
• Muhimmancin asibiti:
• Aortic stenosisYa fi kowa a cikin manyan karnuka (misali Boxer, Golden Retriever).
• Huhun stenosisAbu ne mai ban sha'awa na haihuwa kuma yawanci ana ganinsa a cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan da ke da yanayin halitta (misali, Beagle, Bulldog).
• Duk nau'ikan jijiyoyi suna haifar da ventricle don haifar da ƙarin matsa lamba, wanda ke haifar da bangon ventricular zuwa hypertrophy (yana haifar da kauri).
3. Ciwon Zuciya
Wasu cututtukan zuciya da aka haifa suna shafar kwararar jini, suna haifar da tashin hankali saboda haka systolic gunaguni Mafi yawan abubuwan da ke haifar da haihuwa sune:
• Lalacewar Septal ventricular (VSD)
• MakanikaiVSD rami ne a cikin septum (bango) tsakanin ventricles na dama da hagu. Jini yana wucewa daga babban ventricle na hagu zuwa ƙananan ventricle na dama. Wannan magudanar ruwa systolic gunaguni ana jin kamar.
• Wurin Da Ake Jin Murna: Ana jin shi a fili a gefen dama na sternum.
• Muhimmancin asibitiVSD wani lahani ne na haihuwa wanda zai iya haifar da gazawar zuciya, dangane da girman lahani na septal. Ƙananan lahani yawanci suna haifar da ƙarar gunaguni, yayin da manyan zasu iya yin shiru.
• Tetralogy na Falot
• MakanikaiTetralogy of Fallot wata cuta ce mai rikitarwa mai rikitarwa wacce ta ƙunshi nau'i-nau'i daban-daban guda huɗu:
1. Huhun stenosis (Pulmonary artery stenosis)
2. Hypertrophy na ventricular dama
3. Lalacewar ventricular septal (VSD)
4. Aortic dextraposition (bangaren aorta ya samo asali ne daga ventricle na dama)
• Wurin Da Ake Jin Murna: Gabaɗaya a gefen hagu na sternum ana ji.
• Muhimmancin asibiti: Tetralogy na Fallot, yawanci blue harshe (cyanosis) ve rashin haƙuri na motsa jiki Wannan cuta babbar lahani ce ta haihuwa wacce zata iya buƙatar gyaran tiyata.
Don taƙaita gunaguni na systolic:
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1. Rashin wadatar Mitral Valve
• Makanikai: Komawar jini daga ventricle na hagu zuwa atrium na hagu
• Wurin Muryar: Kofin hagu (ƙasan ɓangaren zuciya)
• Bincike na asibitiTari, rashin haƙuri na motsa jiki, ƙarancin numfashi
2. Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency
• Makanikai: Komawar jini daga ventricle na dama zuwa atrium na dama
• Wurin Muryar: Kofin dama (ƙasan ɓangaren zuciya)
• Bincike na asibiti: Jugular vein distension, ascites (tarawar ruwa a cikin rami na ciki), ƙarancin numfashi
3. Aortic Stenosis
• Makanikai: Ƙunƙarar jini daga ventricle na hagu zuwa aorta
• Wurin Muryar: Yankin basal na hagu (bangaren sama na zuciya)
• Bincike na asibitiRashin haƙuri na motsa jiki, suma, hypertrophy na ventricular hagu (thickening)
4. huhu Stenosis
• Makanikai: Ƙunƙarar jini daga ventricle na dama zuwa jijiya na huhu
• Wurin Muryar: Yankin basal na hagu (bangaren sama na zuciya, kusa da sternum)
• Bincike na asibitiRashin haƙuri na motsa jiki, suma, hypertrophy na ventricular dama (kauri)
5. Lalacewar Satar Jiki (VSD)
• Makanikai: Gudun jini daga ventricle na hagu zuwa ventricle na dama
• Wurin Muryar: Gefen dama na kashin mahaifa
• Bincike na asibitiRashin haƙuri na motsa jiki, ƙarfin gunaguni na iya bambanta dangane da girman ramin
6. Tetralogy na Falot
• MakanikaiƘunƙarar huhu shine haɗuwa da lahani na ventricular septal (VSD), hypertrophy na ventricular dama, da dextroposition aortic (malposition na aorta).
• Wurin Muryar: Gefen hagu na kashin mahaifa
• Bincike na asibitiCyanosis (harshe shuɗi), rashin haƙuri na motsa jiki, suma (syncope)
Gunaguni na systolic sauti ne marasa al'ada da ake ji yayin lokacin ƙaddamarwar zuciya (tsakanin S1 da S2). Wadannan gunaguni mitral da tricuspid bawul rashin isa, aortic da huhu stenosis ko cututtukan zuciya na haihuwa (VSD, Tetralogy of Falot) Ana jin kowannensu a wurare daban-daban na auscultatory kuma yana da alaƙa da alamun asibiti daban-daban.
Saboda haka, a cikin dabbobi masu gunaguni na systolic, ya kamata a kimanta ƙarfin, wuri, da tsawon lokacin gunaguni. Wadannan binciken suna ba da mahimman bayanai don tantance tushen gunaguni. Don kafa ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idar ganewar asali da magani, echocardiography ve EKG Nagartattun kayan aikin bincike irin su ya kamata a yi amfani da su.
Wasu Labarun Kuna iya Sha'awarsu
"Sanin abin da kuka sani da abin da ba ku sani ba shine ilimin gaskiya."
Confucius
