Tricuspid Valve Dysplasia

Kiyasta lokacin karantawa: 8 minti daya

Luis Muñoz-Castellanos et al, CC BY 2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0, ta hanyar Wikimedia Commons

Menene Tricuspid Valve Dysplasia?

Tricuspid bawul dysplasia (TD) wani yanayi ne wanda bawul ɗin tricuspid da tsarin tallafi a gefen dama na zuciya. tare da rashin haihuwa Ciwon zuciya ne wanda ke faruwa a lokacin da bawul ɗin ya kasa rufewa ko buɗewa gaba ɗaya. Wadannan rashin daidaituwa kuma sun haɗa da filaye masu goyon bayan bawul (chordae tendineae) da tsokoki na bawul (tsokoki na papillary).

Tricuspid regurgitation (leak), shine mafi yawan nau'in wannan cuta kuma yana haifar da jini yana gudana a baya yayin da yake wucewa daga dama ta dama zuwa ventricle na dama. Tricuspid stenosis Ba shi da yawa, amma wani lokaci ana iya danganta shi da nakasa. A lokuta da yawa, tricuspid atresia Wani nau'i mai mahimmanci, wanda ake kira tricuspid valve prolapse, yana faruwa. A cikin wannan yanayin, bawul ɗin tricuspid ba ya cika cikakke kuma yana tare da raguwa mai tsanani (hypoplasia) na ventricle na dama.

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A Wanne Gare Aka Gani?

Tricuspid valve dysplasia na iya faruwa a cikin karnuka da kuliyoyi. An ba da rahoton cewa wasu nau'in karnuka sun fi kamuwa da wannan cuta. Musamman, Labrador Mai Ritaya jinsi, wannan cuta a cikin mutane Ebstein Anomaly Wani nau'i mai kama da nau'in da aka sani kamar yadda aka ruwaito.

Ebstein anomaly yana faruwa a lokacin da tricuspid valve's annulus ya kasance a ƙasa. Wannan yana haifar da wani yanki na ventricle na dama ya zama atrialized, ma'ana ventricle na dama yana aiki kamar dama atrium. Rikicin bugun zuciya shima ya fi yawa a irin wadannan lokuta.

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Menene alamomin?

Alamun sun bambanta dangane da tsananin tricuspid valve dysplasia da nau'in matsala (regurgitation, stenosis, ko duka biyu).

Karatuttuka masu laushi

• Maiyuwa baya nuna alamun kuma galibi ana gano shi yayin gwajin lafiyar dabbobi na yau da kullun.

• Lokacin da likitan dabbobi ya saurari zuciya. gunaguni Za a iya ji (sautin zuciya mara kyau).

Babba Cases

• kumburin ciki (ascites): Tarin jini a cikin zuciyar da ya dace yana kara matsa lamba a cikin jijiyoyin hanta kuma yana haifar da tarin ruwa a cikin ciki.

• Taruwar ruwa a cikin ƙirji (zubar da jini): Yana da wuya, amma yana iya faruwa a lokuta masu tsanani.

• Rauni da sauƙi gajiyaDabbobi suna iya gajiya cikin sauƙi lokacin da ba a zubar da isasshen jini a jiki ba.

• Suma (syncope)Ko da yake da wuya, yana iya faruwa saboda rikicewar bugun zuciya.

Waɗannan alamomin suna ƙara fitowa fili, musamman idan raunin zuciya na dama (bangaren dama na zuciya ya kasa yin aiki yadda ya kamata) ya taso.

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Ta yaya ake gano Tricuspid Valve Dysplasia?

Likitan dabbobi ne ya gano cutar gwajin jiki, EKG, x-ray ve echocardiography Ana gano cutar ta hanyar amfani da gwaje-gwaje irin su (ultrasound zuciya).

1. Jarabawar Jiki

Lokacin da likitan dabbobi ya saurari tare da stethoscope, zuciya gunaguni Wannan sautin, musamman ji daga bangon kirji na dama, ya fi fitowa fili a lokuta na rashin isasshen tricuspid.

2. Electrocardiography (ECG)

ECG yana auna aikin lantarki na zuciya. Wannan gwajin na iya bayyana abubuwan da ke biyo baya a cikin dabbobi da dysplasia tricuspid:

• Dogayen raƙuman ruwa na P: Yana nuna girman atrium dama.

• Toshe reshe na dama: Yana faruwa a lokacin da akwai damuwa a cikin aikin lantarki a gefen dama na zuciya.

Hakanan ana amfani da ECG don gano cututtukan bugun zuciya. Musamman, atrial fibrillation ko tachycardia Yana taimakawa wajen gano cututtuka na rhythm kamar.

3. X-ray (Radiography)

Hotunan X-ray suna bayyana canje-canje a cikin siffa da girman zuciya.

• Girman atrium na dama da damaAna lura da girman girman gefen dama na zuciya ta hanyar "zagaye" na musamman akan hoton X-ray na zuciya.

• Ragewar jini a cikin huhu (hypoperfusion): Ana iya ganin raguwar kwararar jini zuwa huhu a matsayin wani bincike na musamman akan x-ray.

4. Echocardiography (Heart Ultrasound)

Wannan ita ce mafi inganci kuma mafi cikakken hanyar gano cutar da ake samu. Echocardiography yana bawa likitocin dabbobi damar ganin tsarin zuciya da bawuloli a fili.

Sakamakon Tricuspid Regurgitation (Leak).

Tricuspid bawul regurgitation shine koma baya na jini daga ventricle na dama zuwa cikin dama atrium. Echocardiography yana nuna abubuwan da ke biyo baya:

• Lalacewar Tsarin BawulMafi yawan abin da aka gano shi ne gazawar takardun rufewa gaba ɗaya ko daidaita tare ( gazawar coaptation). Tattaunawar na iya zama masu kauri, sifar da ba ta dace ba, ko hypoplastic (rashin haɓakawa).

• Lalacewar Chordae TendineaeRashin wadatarwa yana faruwa lokacin da filaments masu goyan bayan bawul suka ɓace, gajere, m ko hypoplastic.

• Dama Atrium GirmaJinin da ke dawowa zuwa atrium na dama saboda raguwar tricuspid yana haifar da fadada wannan yanki. Ana iya gano wannan faɗaɗa cikin sauƙi akan echocardiography.

• Dama HaɓakawaZubar da jini a baya yana haifar da ventricle na dama don yin aiki da fadadawa.

• Abubuwan Neman Doppler LauniTare da launi Doppler, jini yana gudana ta hanyar bawul ɗin tricuspid yana gani a fili. Idan akwai yabo, jinin yana gudana jet na ja ko launin shuɗi ( kwararar ruwa) ana ganin an nusar da ita zuwa dama atrium. Tsawon da faɗin wannan jet ɗin ya bambanta dangane da tsananin ruwan.

• Ci gaba da Neman Wave Doppler: Wannan dabarar tana auna saurin dawowar jini daga ventricle na dama zuwa atrium na dama. A cikin tricuspid regurgitation, wannan gudun Gabaɗaya baya wuce 3.5m/s. Wannan ma'aunin, matsa lamba na ventricular dama amfani da lissafi.

Alamun Tricuspid Stenosis

Tricuspid stenosis yana faruwa ne lokacin da aka ƙuntata jini daga atrium na dama zuwa ventricle na dama. A wannan yanayin, ana lura da binciken da ke biyo baya akan echocardiography:

• Ƙuntataccen motsi na Leaflets ValveTakardun Valve ba za su iya buɗewa da rufewa ba. Tattaunawar na iya zama mai kauri ko a haɗa su.

• Hoton "Hockey Stick".Takaddun bawul na Stenotic suna haifar da bayyanar "sandar hockey" yayin diastole. Wannan ya bayyana musamman a cikin ra'ayi mai ɗaci huɗu.

• Girman AtriumAtrium na dama yana karuwa kuma yana fadada saboda stenosis. Wannan alama ce ta ƙara matsa lamba atrial.

• Abubuwan Neman Doppler LauniJinin da ke wucewa ta wurin kunkuntar yana gudana a cikin kunkuntar jet cikin sauri. Ana gano wannan ta launi Doppler.

• Ci gaba da Neman Wave Doppler: Adadin da jini ke wucewa ta wurin kunkuntar wuri ana aunawa don sanin tsananin taurin. matsa lamba gradient A cikin wannan ma'auni, saurin da ya fi 2 m/s yana nuni da tsananin taurin kai.

Sakamakon da ke da alaƙa da Ebstein Anomaly

Anomaly Ebstein yana faruwa lokacin da bawul ɗin tricuspid ya koma ƙasa fiye da na al'ada. A wannan yanayin, ana gano abubuwan da ke biyo baya akan echocardiography:

• Maɓallin Apical na Tricuspid Annulus: Ana lura da cewa zoben bawul (annulus) ya koma gefen ventricular.

• Ventricle Dama DamaWani ɓangare na ventricle na dama yana nuna hali kamar ɓangaren dama na atrium. Wataƙila wannan yanki ya rage motsi da aikin kwangila.

• Rage Tarukan Valve (Rundundary): Takardun bawul sun fi wayar hannu ko kuma ƙarshen su na kyauta yana da tsayi kuma ba bisa ka'ida ba.

• Leakage na Yanzu tare da Doppler Launi: Ana gano zub da jini da ke dawowa zuwa atrium na dama azaman keɓaɓɓen jigilar jet ta launi Doppler.

Ana amfani da Echocardiography ba kawai don ganewar asali ba amma har ma don ƙayyade tsananin cutar. An yi wannan kima ta:

• Binciken tsarin bawul: Ana bincika leaflets, annulus, chordae tendineae da papillary tsokoki.

• Girman ɗakin ɗakin zuciyaGirman atrium na dama da ventricle na dama yana nuna tsananin dysplasia.

• Ƙimar Leak tare da launi DopplerMatsalolin tricuspid regurgitation an ƙaddara ta hanyar nisa da tsayin jet regurgitant.

• Doppler kalaman ci gaba: Tare da wannan fasaha, ana ƙididdige bambancin matsa lamba tsakanin daidaitaccen atrium da ventricle, kuma girman wannan bambancin yana ƙayyade girman stenosis ko regurgitation.

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Hanyoyin Magani

Jiyya na dysplasia bawul tricuspid ya bambanta dangane da tsananin cutar da yanayin dabba gaba ɗaya. Jiyya yawanci yana farawa da likita ko m ana amfani da hanyoyin.

1. Maganin Magunguna

Magungunan da ake amfani da su a cikin wannan cuta suna nufin sauke nauyin da ke kan zuciya da kuma sarrafa alamun.

• diuretics: Yana taimakawa wajen kawar da ruwa mai yawa da ya taru a cikin jiki (misali, ana amfani da shi don magance ciwon ascites ko pleural effusion).

• Vasodilators (ACE masu hanawa): Yana rage aikin zuciya.

• Magunguna masu sarrafa kari: Ana amfani dashi a lokuta na arrhythmia (hargitsin bugun zuciya).

2. Maganin Tiyata

A lokuta masu tsanani, tiyata na iya zama dole. Ayyukan tiyata na iya haɗawa da:

• Tricuspid bawul gyara: Sake fasalin bawul da mayar da shi zuwa aikinsa na yau da kullun.

• Balloon valvuloplastyA lokuta inda bawul ɗin ya kasance kunkuntar, ana amfani da catheter na balloon don faɗaɗa kunkuntar.

Waɗannan hanyoyin tiyata suna buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman da ƙwararrun ƙungiyar tiyata kuma ƙila ba za su iya amfani da kowace dabba ba.

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Tricuspid bawul dysplasia cuta ce da ba kasafai ake haifuwa ba a cikin karnuka da kuliyoyi. Wannan cuta na iya shafar ingancin rayuwar dabbar. Duk da yake lokuta masu laushi yawanci suna asymptomatic, ci gaba na iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka kamar kumburin ciki, wahalar numfashi, da gajiya.

ganewar asali na farko yana da mahimmanci don samun nasarar magani. Likitan likitan ku na iya amfani da gwaje-gwaje iri-iri don taimakawa wajen gano cututtuka da magani. Duban lafiyar dabbobi akai-akaiWannan yana taimakawa ganowa da magance irin waɗannan matsalolin zuciya da wuri. Yana da mahimmanci ku tuntuɓi likitan ku nan da nan idan alamun sun bayyana.

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Wasu Labarun Kuna iya Sha'awarsu

• Tricuspid Valve Degeneration
• Mitral Valve Dysplasia
• Dogue de Bordeaux (Mastiff na Faransa)
• Tetralogy na Falot (TOF)
• Labrador Mai Ritaya

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"Farin ciki na gaskiya shine lokacin da abin da mutum yayi tunani, faɗi da aikatawa sun kasance cikin jituwa."

Mahatma Gandhi

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