Kiyasta lokacin karantawa: 5 minti daya
Table of Contents
Binciken jiki, wanda aka yi bayan tarihin likitancin mai haƙuri yana da mahimmanci don tantance tsarin zuciya. Wannan jarrabawar tana ba da haske game da lafiyar dabba gaba ɗaya, aikin zuciya, da gano yiwuwar cututtukan zuciya. Abubuwan da aka bincika yayin gwajin jini na zuciya an yi cikakken bayani a ƙasa.
1. Precordium Examination
• Mene ne wannan?
Precordium shine yanki na bangon kirji inda za'a iya jin zuciya. A lokacin nazarin wannan yanki, bugun zuciya wuri, rhythm, ƙarfi da ƙarfi ana kimantawa.
• Yaya ake yi?
Likitan dabbobi ya dora hannunsu akan bangon kirjin dabban kuma yayi kokarin jin inda zuciya ke bugawa (koli). Wannan yanki yawanci hagu 5th intercostal sarari yana kusa.
• Me ake kimantawa?
• Wurin tasirin koli: Yawanci yana gefen hagu, tsakanin haƙarƙari na 4th da 6th. Idan aka ji a dama. dextrocardia (motsin zuciya zuwa dama) ko kuma babban girman zuciya.
• Tashin hankali da iko: Yawan hauhawar bugun zuciya, hyperdynamic wurare dabam dabam (misali, PDA) nuna alama.
• Abin burgewaJijjiga jikin bangon zuciya, gunaguni mai ƙarfi (V/VI ko VI/VI).
2. Jarabawar bugun jini na gefe
• Mene ne wannan?
Ƙwararren bugun jini yana nuna yadda ake rarraba jini a cikin tsarin jijiya. bugun bugun zuciya ne kai tsaye sakamakon kutsewar zuciya da arter na mata Ana auna shi a cikin arteries kamar.
• Yaya ake yi?
Likitan dabbobi yana jin bugun bugun jini ta hanyar sanya yatsunsu a kan jijiyar femoral a cikin kafar bayan dabbar.
• Me ake kimantawa?
• Ƙarfin bugun jiniYa kamata a ji bugun jini na yau da kullun tare da tsayayyen ƙarfi. Idan an ji bugun bugun jini mai ƙarfi, wannan hyperdynamic wurare dabam dabam (Zai iya nuna PDA ko rashin wadatar aortic).
• Siffar bugun jini: bugun jini mai saurin tashi da faduwa (hyperdynamic pulse), PDA ko rashin isasshen aortic mai tsanani hade da.
• bugun jini mai rauni (hypokinetic pulse): Wannan yanayin shine inda jini ke gudana ta cikin aorta ya zama mai wahala. Subaortic stenosis (SAS) Ana ganin shi a cikin toshewa kamar.
• bugun jini mara ka'ida (arrhythmic pulse): Rage bugun zuciya (arrhythmias)na iya haifar da bugun jini mara tsari.
3. Gwajin Launin Mucosal
• Mene ne wannan?
Launi na mucosal alama ce mai mahimmanci na ko jiki yana karɓar iskar oxygen. Yawancin lokaci ana yin wannan gwajin daga gumi, harshe, conjunctiva da saman ciki na fatar ido Anyi.
• Yaya ake yi?
Likitan dabbobi ya daga lebban dabbar yana duba kalar gumin.
• Me ake kimantawa?
• Cyanotic (blue) mucosaIdan mucosa yana da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, wannan yanayin hypoxia (rashin iskar oxygen) alama. PaO2 ≤ 45 mmHg Ana lura da mucosa cyanotic lokacin
• Kodan mucosaIdan mucosa yayi fari, wannan yanayin anemia, low jini, ko hypoperfusion hade da.
• Hyperkemic mucosa: Jajayen mucosa, hyperthermia (zazzabi mai zafi) ko hyperemia (ƙarin jini) na iya zama alama.
• Yellow mucosa: launin rawaya, jaundice (acterus) ko gazawar hanta yana iya zama alama.
4. Girman Gabobin Ciki
• Mene ne wannan?
Wasu cututtukan zuciya, hepatomegaly (hanta kara girma) Yana iya haifar da girma a cikin gabobin ciki kamar.
• Yaya ake yi?
Likitan dabbobi yana lallaba yankin ciki na dabba don duba girman da daidaiton hanta, safiya, da hanji.
• Me ake kimantawa?
• Girman hanta (hepatomegaly): Dama zuciya gazawar ko tricuspid regurgitation (TR) A wannan yanayin, hanta ya kara girma.
• Ascites (tarin ruwa a cikin rami na ciki): Wannan, a cikin gazawar zuciya alama ce ta gama gari.
5. Ragewar Jijiyoyin Jugular
• Mene ne wannan?
Ragewa da faɗaɗa jijiyoyin jugular yawanci suna nuna ƙarar bugun zuciya na dama.
• Yaya ake yi?
Likitan dabbobi yana duba wuyan dabbar jugular veins yayi nazari.
• Me ake kimantawa?
• Kumburin jijiyar jugular: Pulmonic stenosis (PS) ko tricuspid dysplasia (TD) ana iya gani a cututtuka irin su.
• Jugular bugun jiniTare da karuwar matsa lamba na dama, bugun jijiya na jugular zai iya bayyana.
6. Hyperdynamic (karfi) bugun jini
• Mene ne wannan?
Jin bugun bugun jini ya fi ƙarfin al'ada yana nuna cewa kwararar jini a cikin tsarin jijiya ya haɓaka.
• Me ake kimantawa?
• Abubuwan da ke haifar da bugun jini na hyperdynamic:
• Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)PDA buɗaɗɗen tasha ce tsakanin jijiyar aorta da huhu. Wannan yana haifar da babban bambancin matsa lamba tsakanin systole da diastole, yana haifar da bugun jini mai ƙarfi.
• Aortic regurgitation (rashin insufficiency)Rashin cikar ƙulli na bawul ɗin aortic yana haifar da koma baya a cikin aorta, ƙirƙirar bugun jini mai ƙarfi.
7. Rauni (Hypokinetic) bugun jini
• Mene ne wannan?
Raunan bugun jini yana nuna cewa ba a fitar da jini yadda ya kamata a ko'ina cikin jiki kuma jinin da ke yawo ya ragu.
• Me ake kimantawa?
• Abubuwan da ke haifar da bugun jini na hypokinetic:
• Subaortic stenosis (SAS): ƙunƙantaccen maɗaurin aortic yana ƙuntata jini, yana haifar da raunin bugun jini.
• Rage yawan fitarwar zuciya: bugu, rashin ruwa mai tsanani ve ci gaban ciwon zuciyawasu dalilai ne na raunin bugun jini.
Binciken jiki na zuciya shine kayan aikin bincike mai mahimmanci don tantance lafiyar zuciya na majiyyaci. Precordium jarrabawa, na gefe bugun jini iko, kima launi na mucosal, girman gabobi na ciki ve jugular vein distension binciken jiki kamar, ciwon zuciya, tashin hankali, aortic stenosis, pulmonic stenosis ve tricuspid dysplasia Suna ba da alamu masu mahimmanci don gano cututtukan zuciya da yawa, kamar cututtukan zuciya, da sauransu. Don haka, likitocin dabbobi dole ne su yi waɗannan gwaje-gwaje da kyau.
Wasu Labarun Kuna iya Sha'awarsu
"Rayuwa ta kasance mai sauqi qwarai, amma mun dage kan sanya ta mai sarkakiya."
Confucius
