Kiyasta lokacin karantawa: 5 minti daya
Table of Contents
- Menene mahimmancin auscultation a jarrabawar zuciya?
- Menene babban binciken da aka kimanta a cikin auscultation?
- 1. Rawan Zuciya (Bradycardia da Tachycardia)
- 2. Rhythm mara ka'ida (Arrhythmia)
- 3. Ƙarfin Sautin Zuciya marar al'ada
- 4. Ƙarin Sautin Zuciya (Sautunan S3 da S4)
- 5. Rarrabe Sauti na Zuciya
- 6. Gudun Zuciya
Asali: Isarra Vector: Jarould, CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, ta hanyar Wikimedia Commons
Menene mahimmancin auscultation a jarrabawar zuciya?
Auscultation hanya ce ta asali don tantance tsarin cututtukan zuciya. Gogaggen likitan dabbobi na iya gano manyan cututtukan zuciya da yawa a lokacin jiyya. Kodayake auscultation ba zai iya gano duk mummunan yanayin zuciya ba, wasu yanayi suna gabatar da sauti na zuciya. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) A cikin abubuwan da ba su da kyau kamar sautin "ci gaba da gunaguni", yana ba da damar yin ganewar asali tare da daidaitattun daidaito.
Wani muhimmin sashi na auscultation shine, raunin bugun jini (rashin bugun jini) Wannan cak ne. A yayin wannan aikin, kowace bugun zuciya da aka ji ta hanyar auscultation ana duba ko ta yi daidai da bugun bugun jini a cikin jirgin. Idan ba a jin motsin bugun jini ko da an ji bugun zuciya, wannan shine raunin bugun jini kuma yawanci ana kiransa da Atrial fibrillation (AF) Alama ce mai mahimmanci ta rikicewar kari kamar.
Menene babban binciken da aka kimanta a cikin auscultation?
1. Rawan Zuciya (Bradycardia da Tachycardia)
• BradycardiaSinus bradycardia yana da hankali fiye da adadin zuciya na al'ada. Sau da yawa ana danganta shi da rashin daidaituwa na electrolyte, sakamako masu illa na wasu magunguna, ƙara ƙarfin kwakwalwa, ko rashin lafiyar tsarin juyayi.
• TachycardiaTachycardia shine saurin zuciya fiye da na al'ada. Tachycardia na iya faruwa saboda damuwa, zafi, zazzabi, kamuwa da cuta, anemia, hyperthyroidism, ko zuciya arrhythmias. Zuciya tana ƙoƙarin fitar da ƙarin jini, amma wannan yana ƙara yawan aikin zuciya kuma yana iya haifar da gazawar zuciya a cikin dogon lokaci.
Me yasa yake da mahimmanci?
Ƙunƙarar bugun zuciya marar al'ada yana nuna cewa ƙarfin bugun tsokar zuciya ya lalace. Ana iya haɗawa da karkatar da bugun zuciya tare da cututtukan tsoka na zuciya, cututtukan jini, cututtukan endocrine, ko rikicewar tsarin juyayi. Don haka, don sanin tushen bugun zuciya mara kyau. ECG da echocardiography Gwaje-gwajen bincike na ci gaba kamar yadda yakamata ayi.
2. Rhythm mara ka'ida (Arrhythmia)
Kullum zuciya tana bugawa a cikin kari na yau da kullun. Duk da haka, Atrial fibrillation (AF), Ƙunƙarar jijiyoyi da wuri (PVCs) ko extrasystole na ciki Wannan tsari yana rushewa a cikin arrhythmias kamar fibrillation na atrial. A cikin fibrillation atrial, atria quiver ba tare da kulawa ba kuma yana aika sigina marasa tsari zuwa ventricles. Wannan yana haifar da ventricles don yin kwangila ba bisa ka'ida ba.
Me yasa yake da mahimmanci?
Atrial fibrillation (AF)yana daya daga cikin arrhythmias na yau da kullum kuma sau da yawa raunin bugun jini Rashin bugun bugun jini shine rashin motsin bugun jini daidai da kowace bugun zuciya da aka ji. Wannan shi ne saboda ventricles ba su cika kwangila ba a lokacin fibrillation. Don haka, idan aka gano bugun jini mara kyau ko raunin bugun jini, yakamata a yi gwajin zuciya nan take kuma a tabbatar da ECG.
3. Ƙarfin Sautin Zuciya marar al'ada
A al'ada, tsananin sautin zuciya ya kamata a ji a fili ta bangon kirji. Duk da haka, a wasu lokuta, sauti mai rauni ko yafi karfi zai iya zama:
• Ƙarfin zuciya sauti: Ana iya gani a lokacin hyperdynamic wurare dabam dabam (zazzabi, anemia ko hyperthyroidism).
• Karancin sautin zuciya: Zubar da jini (ruwan ruwa a cikin pericardium); pneumothorax (tarar iska a cikin kogon kirji) ko kiba yana faruwa a irin waɗannan lokuta.
Me yasa yake da mahimmanci?
Canji a cikin ƙarfin sautin zuciya na iya zama alamar matsala tare da aikin zuciya. Raunan zuciya sautiyana hade da tarin ruwa (pericardial effusion) ko tarawar iska (pneumothorax) a cikin pericardium. A irin waɗannan lokuta, yanayin tsari da aikin zuciya echocardiography ya kamata a yi la'akari da.
4. Ƙarin Sautin Zuciya (Sautunan S3 da S4)
• S3 Sauti: Yawancin lokaci ana jin shi yayin shakatawa na tsokar zuciya da ciwon zuciya alama ce.
• S4 Sauti: Yana faruwa a lokacin raguwa na tsokar zuciya kuma yawanci hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) hade da.
Me yasa yake da mahimmanci?
Ƙarin sautin zuciya, musamman S3 da S4 Waɗannan sautunan suna nuna matsala tare da matakan cikawar zuciya da naƙushewa. Su ne muhimmin bincike a cikin gano mummunan yanayin zuciya kamar gazawar zuciya ko rashin aiki na diastolic.
5. Rarrabe Sauti na Zuciya
Aortic da pulmonary valves na zuciya ana sa ran su rufe lokaci guda. Duk da haka, hauhawar jini na huhu ko huhu stenosis A cikin cututtuka irin wannan haɗin gwiwar rufewa yana rushewa kuma tsaga muryan zuciya ana ji.
Me yasa yake da mahimmanci?
Raba sautin zuciya, musamman hauhawar jini na huhu ko dama zuciya gazawar Wannan sauti yana nuna wuce gona da iri na ventricle na dama saboda ƙarar matsa lamba na huhu. Don haka, gano tsagawar sautin zuciya yana buƙatar ƙarin kimantawa.
6. Gudun Zuciya
Gudun zuciya yana faruwa ne sakamakon tashin jini a cikin zuciya. sauti ne mara kyauWannan sautin, cututtuka na zuciya na haihuwa (misali, patent ductus arteriosus, PDA ve ventricular septal lahani, VSD) har da samu (samu) cututtuka bawul yana da alaƙa kuma.
Rashin wadatar Mitral da Tricuspid Valve
• Rashin wadatar Mitral Valve: Yana faruwa lokacin da jini ke gudana a baya daga ventricle na hagu zuwa atrium na hagu. Yawanci ana jin gunaguni akan bugun zuciyar hagu.
• Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency: Yana faruwa ne lokacin da jini ke gudana baya daga ventricle na dama zuwa atrium na dama kuma ana jin shi sosai a cikin zuciyar dama.
Me yasa yake da mahimmanci?
Gudun zuciya, yawanci cututtukan zuciya na haihuwa (PDA, VSD) ko samu cututtukan zuciya bawul (rashin mitral bawul, ƙarancin bawul ɗin tricuspid). Lokacin da aka lura da gunaguni, ya zama dole a bincika tsari da aikin zuciya daki-daki. echocardiography Wannan yana ba da tabbataccen bayani game da yanayi da tsananin gunaguni.
Wasu Labarun Kuna iya Sha'awarsu
"Kimiyya ta kasa gane bashin ta ga tunanin."
Ralph Waldo Emerson
